在作应用系统开发时,管理配置是必不可少的。例如数据库服务器的配置、安装和更新配置等等。由于Xml的兴起,现在的配置文件大都是以xml文档来存储。比如Visual Studio.Net自身的配置文件Mashine.config,Asp.Net的配置文件Web.Config,包括我在介绍Remoting中提到的配置文件,都是xml的格式。
传统的配置文件ini已有被xml文件逐步代替的趋势,但对于简单的配置,ini文件还是有用武之地的。ini文件其实就是一个文本文件,它有固定的格式,节Section的名字用[]括起来,然后换行说明key的值:
[section]
key=value
如数据库服务器配置文件:
DBServer.ini
[Server]
Name=localhost
[DB]
Name=NorthWind
[User]
Name=sa
在C#中,对配置文件的读写是通过API函数来完成的,代码很简单:
using System;
using System.Text;
using System.IO;
using System.Runtime.InteropServices;
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namespace PubOp
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{
public class OperateIniFile
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{
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API函数声明#region API函数声明
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[DllImport("kernel32")]//返回0表示失败,非0为成功
private static extern long WritePrivateProfileString(string section,string key,
string val,string filePath);
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[DllImport("kernel32")]//返回取得字符串缓冲区的长度
private static extern long GetPrivateProfileString(string section,string key,
string def,StringBuilder retVal,int size,string filePath);
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#endregion
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读Ini文件#region 读Ini文件
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public static string ReadIniData(string Section,string Key,string NoText,string iniFilePath)
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{
if(File.Exists(iniFilePath))
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{
StringBuilder temp = new StringBuilder(1024);
GetPrivateProfileString(Section,Key,NoText,temp,1024,iniFilePath);
return temp.ToString();
}
else
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{
return String.Empty;
}
}
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#endregion
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写Ini文件#region 写Ini文件
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public static bool WriteIniData(string Section,string Key,string Value,string iniFilePath)
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{
if(File.Exists(iniFilePath))
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{
long OpStation = WritePrivateProfileString(Section,Key,Value,iniFilePath);
if(OpStation == 0)
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{
return false;
}
else
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{
return true;
}
}
else
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{
return false;
}
}
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#endregion
}
}
简单说明以下方法WriteIniData()和ReadIniData()的参数。
Section参数、Key参数和IniFilePath不用再说,Value参数表明key的值,而这里的NoText对应API函数的def参数,它的值由用户指定,是当在配置文件中没有找到具体的Value时,就用NoText的值来代替。